gamma-substituted propylamine type antihistamines



Patented June 12, 1951 'y-SUBSTITUTED PROPYLAMINE TYPE ANTIHISTAMINES Nathan Sperber, Bronx, and Domenick Papa,

Brooklyn, N. Y., and Erwin Schwcnk, Montclair, N. J assignors to Schering Corporation, Bloomfield, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey No Drawing. Application June 23, 1948, Serial No. 34,848

, The invention relates to new substances of interesting and important physiological properties and more particularly to heterocyclic substituted aliphatic amines which have been found to be highly effective against histamine-induced allergic reactions and to methods of making the same.

It is recognized that the liberation of histamine into the tissues, which can be brought about by a multitude of agents or processes, is primarily responsible for many of the allergic manifestations in man. 'It has been found that certain substances of closely related chemical configurations are effective in alleviating the symptoms of many allergic reactions. The specificity of these chemical substances for the control of allergic reactions is well demonstrated by the researches carried on within the last ten years. However, although the substances prescribed at the present time represent a remarkable advance, they exhibit many undesirable side effects, or so-called toxic reactions, among which may be mentioned the high incidence of drowsiness, dizziness, nausea, gastro-intestinal irritation and dryness of the mouth.

' It has been generally considered that only those substances which are derivatives of ethanolamine and ethylenediamine show pronounced anti-histaminic and anti-anaphylactic activity. We have now found that heterocyclic substituted aliphatic amines of the general formula R1 R-) (Rz wherein X is an aliphatic chain containing from 3 to 5 carbon atoms, R is a heterocyclic nucleus, for example, pyrimidyl, thiazyl, thienyl, pyrazyl, furyl, quinolyl, s-triazyl, and 1,3,4-thiadiazyl, R1 is a phenyl nucleus, and R2 is a member of the group consisting of dialkylamino, morpholino and piperidino groups, and the salts thereof have a high degree of antihistaminic activity. The heterocyclic nucleus R and the phenyl nucleus R1 may contain one or more substituents such as lower alkyl and lower alkoxy groups, hydroxyl.

and groups convertible thereto by hydrolysis, halogens, amino, alkylamino, acylamino, nitro, carboxy and carbalkoxy.

Clinical studies with representative members of the compounds of this invention have demonstrated extremely favorable anti-histaminic activity. This high order of activity is adm n- 5.

11 Claims. (Cl. 260247.1)

C vantage is of extreme importance in the clinical application of anti-histaminic drugs.

Inclusion in the phenyl and heterocyclic, nuclei of various substituents ashereinabove indicated does not alter the type of physiological response which one obtains with the compounds. However, certain substituents increase or decrease slightly either the anti-histaminic activity or the toxicity of the compounds, or both, as compared with the parent compounds having no substituents in either the phenyl or the heterocyclic nuclei.

In general, the compounds of the invention may be made by the hydrolysis and decarboxylation of the corresponding nitriles. When the nitriles are treated with a strong acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid or concentrated hydrohalic acids, the nitriles are hydrolysed and decarboxylated to the compounds of the invention.

The following specific examples are illustrative of the methods and products of the invention:

'EXAMP' Li: I

'y-Ph6.nyZ-'y- (2 -pyrimz'dyl) -N,N-dimethylpropylamine Preparation of 2 chZoropyrimz'dine.To a stirred solution of 114 g. of Z-aminopyrimidine and 600 cc. of concentratedhydrochloric acid is added a solution of g. of sodium nitrite in 240 cc. of water over a period of 1 hours, keeping the temperature at 10 C. The reaction mixture is allowed to come to room temperature and then is made alkaline with ammonia andof sodium is converted to soda'mide and the am-,

monia is replaced with" 200 cc. of toluene; 1 In a one liter, 3-necked fiask equipped with a stirrer,

condenser and dropping funnel are placed 31 g. of 2-chloropyrimidine, 47 g. of a-(p-N,N-dimeth-' 3 ylaminoethyl)phenylacetonitrile and 300 cc. toluene. The solution is heated to 80-90" C. and the stirred sodamide suspension is added. The reaction is refluxed for '7 hrs. and then decomposed with water. The organic layer is separated and vacuum concentrated. The residue is dissolved in 300 g. of 80% sulfuric acid and heated with stirring for 3 hrs. at 130 C. The reaction mixture is poured on ice, made alkaline with ammonia andthe resulting oil is ether extracted. The ether layer is dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated. The residue is fractionated, B. P. 125-130 C./0.5 mm.

EXAMPLE II? Y-phenyZ-v- (Z-thiazyl) -N,N-di1nethylpropylamine Preparation of a- (Z-thiazyl) ,-a (MN-dimethylaminoethyl)phenyZacetnitriZ.In a 500 cc., 3- necked flask, 7 g. of sodium is converted to sodamide in the usual manner and the ammonia is replaced by 200 cc. of toluene. suspension is added to a stirred solution of a-(B- N, N dimethylaminoethyl) phenylacetonitrile (prepared by the alkylation of 'phenylacetonitrile with fi-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl, chloride) and 33 g. of 2-chlorothiazole in 300 cc. of toluene. The reaction mixture is refluxed for 11 hrs. after the addition of sodamide has been completed. The reaction mixture is decomposed with water and the organic layer is concentrated. The residue is fractionated, B. P; 153.-159C./1.5

Preparation of y- (phenyl) --y- (Z-thiazyl) -N,N- dimethyZpropylamina-In a.500 cc. flask equipped with a stirrer, condenser and. thermometer is placed 30 g. of a-(2-thiazyl) -a-(-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl) phenylacetonitrile and .200 g. of 80% sulfuric acid. The solution is stirred and heated at 150160 C. for one, hour untilthe evolution of carbon dioxide has ceased. The-reactionmixture is poured on ice, madealkaline with ammonia .and theresulting oilis taken up in ether. The ether layervis. dried over sodium sulfate, filtered andlthe ether evaporated. The residue is fractionated, B. P. 12312.6."C../'1.0 mm.

EXAMPLE III -benzyZ-v- (Z-thienyl) -N,N- dimethylprom lamina The intermediate Z-thienylacetonitrile is obtained from Z-thienylmethyl chloride by reaction with potassium cyanide in aqueous ethanol. Alkylation of this nitrile with benzyl chloride and fl-N,'N-dimethylaminoethyl chloride is carried out essentially as described in the previous examples.

Removal of the CN group is accomplished by dissolving the nitrile in 3 parts of 70% sulfuric acid and heating the resulting mixture with stirring for about 3 hrs; at 120-185 C. The propylamine is isolated as described'inthe previous examples.

EXAMPLE iIV 'y-BGnZyZ-r'y- (Z-thienyl) -N,N-diethylpropylamine This substance is obtained in exactly the same manner as described in Example III except for the substitution of e-N,N-diethylaminoethyl chloride for the. dimethyl'compoundof thepreceding example.

The sodamide' 'y-Phenyl-v- (Z-thiazyl) -N,N-diethylpropylamine This compound is prepared in a manner analogous ,to the compound of Example II except for thesubstitution of p-N,N-diethylaminoethy1 chloride for the dimethyl compound of Example II.

EXAMPLE VII v-(p-Methyl) phenyl 'y (2 thiaeyl) N,N dimethylpropylamine By substituting .p-methylphenylacetonitrile for phenylacetonitrile in Example II, the compound of this example is obtained.

EXAMPLE VIII 7 (p Chlorophenyl) 'y (Z-pyrimidyl) -N,N-

dimethylpropylamine p-Chlorophenylacetonitrile is alkylated with 2- chloropyrimidine and fl-N,N-dimethylethylchloride as described in Example I. Theremoval of the CN group is carried out with %-80% su1-- furic acid.

EXAMPLE IX 'y p Isopropylphenyl 'y (2 pyrimidyl) -N,N-

dimethylpropylamz'ne p-Isopropylacetonitrile obtained from cumene by chlormethylation and subsequent reaction with KCN is alkylated with 2-chlor-pyrimidine and the ,8-N,N-dimethylethyl chloride. Thev trisubstituted nitrile was then treated with sulfuric. acid as described in Example I.

EXALAPLE X 6-Phenyl-6- (Z-pyrimidyl) -N,N-dimethyl butylamine By substituting v-N,N-dimethylpropyl chloride for the ethyl chloride of Example I, there results the butylamine of this example.

EXAMPLE XI 5-PhenyZ-5- (2-pyrimidyl) -c- (dimethyl amino) -butane The requisite intermediate p-dimethylaminopropyl chloride is obtained from the corresponding alcohol by reaction with thionyl chloride.

This aminoalkyl halide and 2-chloropyriinidine.

are reacted with phenylacetonitrile as described in Example I.

EXAMPLE II v Phenyl v (Z-pyrazyl) -N,N-dimethylpropylamine The intermediate 2-chloropyrazine is obtained.

from the hydroxy compound by reaction with thionyl chloride. This halide plus 13-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl chloride are condensed with phenylacetonitrile in accordance with the previous examples and the resulting trisubstituted. nitrile then treated with 80% sulfuric acid at C.

EXAIVLPLE IHII 'y-Benzyl-y- (5-bromo-2-thz'enyl) -N,N dimethylpropylamine The compound of Example III is brominated with 1 molecular equivalent of bromine in acetic acid solution at 40-50 C. The resulting reaction mixture is diluted with water, made alkaline with gaseous ammonia, and extracted with ether. The combined ether extracts are Washed with dilute sodium bicarbonate, dried, and after removing the solvent the residue is distilled.

The compounds of the invention may be used in the form of the free basesI or in the form of the salts thereof with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric and phosphoric acids and organic acids, such as salicylic, tartaric, maleic, succinic, citric and lactic acids.

The compounds may be used in a variety of forms, such as tablets for oral administration, creams for topical application, and injectible solutions. Preferably the salts of the compounds are used in the creams which may be of the usual formulations. The injectible solutions preferably comprise non-toxic salts in admixture with sodium carbonate and boric acid and are sterilized before use.

We claim:

1. 'y Phenyl 'y (2 pyrimidyl) N,N dimethylpropylamine.

2. 'y Phenyl 'y (2 thiazyl) N,N dimethylpropylamine.

3. y (p-Chlorophenyl) 'y (2 pyrimidyD- N,N-dimethylpropylamine.

4. v (p-Isopropylphenyl) 'y (2 pyrimidyl) -N,N-dimethy1propylamine.

5. v Phenyl 'y (2 pyrazyl) N,N dimethylpropylamine.

6. A compound of the group consisting of bases of the general formula wherein R is a heterocyclic nucleus of the group consisting of pyrimidyl, thiazyl, thienyl, pyrazyl, furyl, quinolyl, s-triazyl and 1,3,4-thiadiazyl, R1 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl and benzyl radicals and their lower alkyl, lower alkoxy and halogen substitution products, R2 is selected from the group consisting of dialkylamino, morpholino and piperidino groups, and n is an integer not less than 2 and not more than 3, and the non-toxic salts thereof with acids.

'7. Compounds of the formula wherein R is a lower alkyl radical. 8. Compounds of the formula wherein R is a lower alkyl radical.

9. Compounds of the formula CBHLR R wherein R is a lower alkyl radical.

10. Compounds of the formula wherein R is a lower alkyl radical. l1. Compounds of the formula wherein R is a lower alkyl radical.

NATHAN SPERBER. DOMENICK PAPA. ERWIN SCI-IWENK.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date France July '7, 1943 OTHER REFERENCES Number 

1. THE METHOD OF DRYING THIN BOARDS OF HARDWOOD IN WHICH OBJECTIONABLE HYDROLYSIS FREQUENT OF THE GENERAL FORMULA
 6. A COMPOUND OF THE GROUP CONSISTING OF BASES 